集(ji)電(dian)(dian)器是(shi)滑(hua)觸線系統中(zhong)集(ji)電(dian)(dian)側拾(shi)取(qu)電(dian)(dian)能的(de)(de)主要(yao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置之一(yi),它通(tong)過集(ji)電(dian)(dian)刷(shua)與導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)軌的(de)(de)滑(hua)動(dong)接(jie)觸,將電(dian)(dian)能直(zhi)接(jie)傳導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)至(zhi)用電(dian)(dian)器,從而(er)實現系統的(de)(de)移動(dong)供電(dian)(dian).集(ji)電(dian)(dian)器由機(ji)械結構(gou)的(de)(de)張力(li)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置和直(zhi)接(jie)與導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)軌滑(hua)動(dong)接(jie)觸的(de)(de)集(ji)電(dian)(dian)刷(shua)兩部分組成(cheng),機(ji)械結構(gou)的(de)(de)張力(li)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置決定集(ji)電(dian)(dian)刷(shua)與導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)軌的(de)(de)滑(hua)動(dong)接(jie)觸壓力(li)和機(ji)構(gou)的(de)(de)穩(wen)定性,集(ji)電(dian)(dian)刷(shua)則是(shi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)軌滑(hua)動(dong)接(jie)觸拾(shi)取(qu)電(dian)(dian)能的(de)(de)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)體,它的(de)(de)性能和導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)質量(liang)以及材料結構(gou)成(cheng)分的(de)(de)優劣,將直(zhi)接(jie)影響(xiang)整(zheng)個系統設備的(de)(de)安全運行質量(liang),因此(ci)集(ji)電(dian)(dian)器是(shi)整(zheng)個滑(hua)線系統中(zhong)最主要(yao)的(de)(de)部件之一(yi).
滑觸線集(ji)電器作為(wei)行車(che)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)的(de)一個關鍵部件，如何(he)選用滑觸(chu)(chu)線(xian)集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)顯得尤為(wei)重要(yao)， 滑觸(chu)(chu)線(xian)集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)主要(yao)有(you)靴(xue)(xue)片滑線(xian)、靴(xue)(xue)盒、彈(dan)簧(huang)、集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)支架、集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)支撐部分等(deng)部件組成(cheng)。 集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)分為(wei)重型(xing)(xing)集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)和輕型(xing)(xing)集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)，選擇輕型(xing)(xing)集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)還是(shi)重型(xing)(xing)集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)，是(shi)根據滑觸(chu)(chu)線(xian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)流來確定的(de)，一般滑觸(chu)(chu)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)流小(xiao)于等(deng)于500A，可以選用輕型(xing)(xing)集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)；大于500A的(de)，就(jiu)要(yao)選用重型(xing)(xing)集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)。
選用滑觸線集電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的時(shi)候，首選集電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)最好是(shi)考慮和滑觸線相配(pei)套，不要(yao)亂用集電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)，否則會(hui)(hui)影響(xiang)行(xing)(xing)車(che)的正常運行(xing)(xing)，嚴重了會(hui)(hui)燒壞滑觸線。集電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)上面的靴片是(shi)由(you)含銅(tong)碳基壓而成的，購買后要(yao)檢查與滑線的吻合型(xing)。由(you)于(yu)集電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)本身屬(shu)于(yu)易(yi)耗(hao)品，長期使(shi)用會(hui)(hui)磨損(sun)靴片，所以要(yao)定期檢查，集電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)上面靴片的磨損(sun)程度，并定期更換。